Beccaria's treatise On Crimes and Punishments, which condemns disproportionate and irrational penalties in general as well as torture and the death penalty, is said to mark the peak of Enlightenment in Milan. Its translations were widely read by statesmen and policy makers in Britain, America and France. This translation also features the anonymous commentary, attributed to Voltaire. - Summary by Carolin
Chapters
1
Introduction Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 6:06
2
Preface by the Translator of M.D. Voltaire's Commentary Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 4:14
3
Chapter I - On the Origin of Punishments Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 2:53
4
Chapter II - On the Right to Punish Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 4:18
5
Chapter III - Consequences of the foregoing principles Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 3:49
6
Chapter IV - Of the Interpretation of Laws Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 7:42
7
Chapter V - Of the Obscurity of Laws Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 4:10
8
Chapter VI - Of the Proportion between Crimes and Punishments Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 7:37
9
Chapter VII - Of Estimating the Degree of Crimes Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 4:01
10
Chapter VIII - Of the Division of Crimes Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 6:39
11
Chapter IX - Of Honour Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 6:32
12
Chapter X - Of Duelling Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 2:41
13
Chapter XI - Of Crimes which Disturb Public Tranquillity Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 4:38
14
Chapter XII - Of the Intent of Punishments Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 1:51
15
Chapter XIII - Of the Credibility of Witnesses Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 7:06
16
Chapter XIV - Of Evidence and the Proofs of a Crime, and of the Form of Judgment Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 7:07
17
Chapter XV - Of Secret Accusation Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 6:02
18
Chapter XVI - Of Torture Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 18:20
19
Chapter XVII - Of Pecuniary Punishments Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 5:17
20
Chapter XVIII - Of Oaths Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 3:06
21
Chapter XIX - Of the Advantage of Immediate Punishment Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 7:03
22
Chapter XX - Of Acts of Violence Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 2:25
23
Chapter XXI - Of the Punishment of the Nobles Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 4:46
24
Chapter XXII - Of Robbery Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 3:09
25
Chapter XXIII - Of Infamy considered as a Punishment Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 4:27
26
Chapter XXIV - Of Idleness Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 2:15
27
Chapter XXV - Of Banishment and Confiscation Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 4:46
28
Chapter XXVI - Of the Spirit of Family in States Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 9:22
29
Chapter XXVII - Of the Mildness of Punishments Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 6:39
30
Chapter XXVIII - Of the Punishment of Death Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 22:02
31
Chapter XXIX - Of Imprisonment Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 4:56
32
Chapter XXX - Of Prosecution and Prescription Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 6:51
33
Chapter XXXI - Of Crimes of Difficult Proof Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 10:53
34
Chapter XXXII - Of Suicide Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 9:49
35
Chapter XXXIII - Of Smuggling Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 4:31
36
Chapter XXXIV - Of Bankrupts Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 7:53
37
Chapter XXXV - Of Sanctuaries Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 4:34
38
Chapter XXXVI - Of Rewards for Apprehending or Killing Criminals Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 3:26
39
Chapter XXXVII - Of Attempts, Acomplices and Pardon Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 5:52
40
Chapter XXXVIII - Of Suggestive Interrogations Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 3:19
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Chapter XXXIX - Of a Peculiar Kind of Crimes Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 3:19
42
Chapter XL - Of False Ideas of Utility Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 5:11
43
Chapter XLI - Of the Means of Preventing Crimes Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 5:03
44
Chapter XLII - Of the Sciences Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 8:22
45
Chapter XLIII - Of Magistrates Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 1:24
46
Chapter XLIV - Of Rewards Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 1:13
47
Chapter XLV - Of Education Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 1:56
48
Chapter XLVI - Of Pardons Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 4:19
49
Chapter XLVII - Conclusion Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 1:45
50
Commentary - Chapter I - The Circumstances that Occasioned this Commentary Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 5:26
51
Commentary - Chapter II - Of Punishments Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 2:30
52
Commentary - Chapter III - Of the Punishment of Heretics Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 8:24
53
Commentary - Chapter IV - Of the Extirpation of Heresies Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 6:47
54
Commentary - Chapter V - Of Blasphemy and Profanation Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 10:25
55
Commentary - Chapter VI - Of the Indulgence of the Romans in Matters of Religion Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 6:01
56
Commentary - Chapter VII - Of the Crime of Unlawful Preaching - Story of Anthony Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 7:10
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Commentary - Chapter VIII - The Story of Simon Morin Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 5:27
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Commentary - Chapter IX - Of Witches Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 5:20
59
Commentary - Chapter X - Of Capital Punishment Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 6:29
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Commentary - Chapter XI - Of the Execution of Sentences Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 4:04
61
Commentary - Chapter XII - Of Torture Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 4:05
62
Commentary - Chapter XIII - Of Certain Sanguinary Tribunals Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 4:22
63
Commentary - Chapter XIV - Of the Difference Between Political and Natural Laws Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 5:10
64
Commentary - Chapter XV - Of the Crime of High Treason - Of Titus Oates and of the Death of Augustine de Thou Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 10:19
65
Commentary - Chapter XVI - Of the Revealing of Crimes (Before Commission) by Religious Confession Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 8:19
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Commentary - Chapter XVII - Of Counterfeiting Money Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 1:58
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Commentary - Chapter XVIII - Of Domestic Theft Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 2:20
68
Commentary - Chapter XIX - Of Suicide Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 5:27
69
Commentary - Chapter XX - Of a Certain Species of Mutilation Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 2:15
70
Commentary - Chapter XXI - Of the Confiscation Consequent upon all the Crimes which Have Been Mentioned Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 8:26
71
Commentary - Chapter XXII - Of Criminal Proceedings, and of Some Other Forms of Procedure Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 15:26
72
Commentary - Chapter XXIII - The Idea of a Reform Suggested Read by Crln Yldz Ksr 3:54
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